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Nebraska Pure Food Act

Revised
November 2006

Administration:   This Act is administered by the Nebraska Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Dairies and Foods, State Office Building, 301 Centennial Mall South, Lincoln, Nebraska 68509. Telephone: (402) 471-2536.

Revisions:   The provisions of this Act were last revised during the 2005 session of the Nebraska Legislature.

Rules:   No regulations have been promulgated under this Act.

Adopted Provisions:   The provisions of this Act adopt certain federal guidelines by reference. They are as follows:

1. 2001 Recommendations of the United States Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Food Code.

2. The Association of Food and Drug Officials and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' 1984 Model Food Salvage Code.

3. Current Good Manufacturing Practice In Manufacturing, Packing, or Holding Human Food, 21 C.F.R. part 110, as it exits on August 28, 1999.

81-2,239         Nebraska Pure Food Act; provisions included; how cited.
81-2,240         Definitions, where found.
81-2,241         Advertising, defined.
81-2,242         Bed and breakfast establishment, defined.
81-2,242.01   Caterer, defined.
81-2,242.02   Commissary, defined.
81-2,242.03   Convenience store, defined.
81-2,242.04   Commercial food establishment, defined.
81-2,243         Department, defined.
81-2,244         Director, defined.
81-2,244.01   Food Code, defined.
81-2,245.01   Food establishment, defined.
81-2,246.01   Food processing plant, defined.
81-2,247         Food Salvage Code, defined.
81-2,251         Labeling, defined.
81-2,251.01   Limited food vending machine, defined.
81-2,251.02   Licensed beverage establishment, defined.
81-2,251.03   Limited food service establishment, defined.
81-2,251.04   Mobile food unit, defined.
81-2,251.05   Person in charge, defined.
81-2,251.06   Pushcart, defined.
81-2,252         Regulatory authority, defined.
81-2,253.01   Salvage operation, defined.
81-2,254         Single event food vendor, defined.
81-2,254.01   Temporary food establishment, defined.
81-2,257         Critical violations; designation.
81-2,257.01   Food Code; adoption.
81-2,258         Food Salvage Code; adoption.
81-2,259         Current Good Manufacturing Practice In Manufacturing, Packing, or Holding Human Food; adoption.
81-2,262         Codes and practice; where filed.
81-2,263         Inconsistencies; sections control.
81-2,267         Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation; construction, conversion, or remodeling; plans and specifications; requirements.
81-2,268         Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation facilities and equipment; design and fabrication requirements.
81-2,270         Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation; permits; application; contents; fees; delinquency; penalty; exemptions.
81-2,271         Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation; permit; posting; change of ownership or location; duties; movement authorized.
81-2,272         Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation; inspection; denial of permit; hearing.
81-2,272.02   Foodborne illness; Nebraska Pure Food Act; responsible individual; requirements.
81-2,272.03   Food employee; health conditions; reporting requirements.
81-2,272.04   Foodborne disease transmission; person in charge; duties.
81-2,272.05   Person in charge; remove medical exclusion; when.
81-2,272.06   Food employee; compliance required.
81-2,272.10   Food employees; food contact; restrictions.
81-2,272.14   Food container; refill restrictions.
81-2,272.15   Potentially hazardous food; temperature requirements.
81-2,272.16   Raw animal foods; cooking requirements.
81-2,272.17   Person in charge; raw or undercooked animal foods; consumer advisory requirements.
81-2,272.19   Frozen foods; temperature requirements.
81-2,272.20   Potentially hazardous food; thawing requirements.
81-2,272.21   Potentially hazardous food; cooling requirements.
81-2,272.22   Food cooling requirements.
81-2,272.23   Potentially hazardous food; temperature requirements.
81-2,272.24   Potentially hazardous food; date marking; consumption; when.
81-2,272.25   Potentially hazardous food; discard; when.
81-2,272.26   Potentially hazardous food; use of time as public health control; when.
81-2,272.27   Food establishment; reduced oxygen packaging method; when.
81-2,272.28   Temporary water supply; requirements.
81-2,272.29   Food establishment; carbonation requirements.
81-2,272.30   Ready-to-eat food; requirements.
81-2,272.31   Water supply; requirements.
81-2,272.32   Food employee; fingernail requirements.
81-2,272.33   Food employee; jewelry requirements.
81-2,272.34   Linens and cloth napkins; requirements.
81-2,272.35   Ready-to-eat food; discarded; when.
81-2,272.36   Vending machine dispensing potentially hazardous food; requirements.
81-2,272.37   Refrigerated, potentially hazardous food; temperature requirements.
81-2,273         Permitholder; duties; disciplinary action; effect; hearing; reinstatement of permit.
81-2,274         Notice or order; service; contents; hearings; procedure.
81-2,275         Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation; unlawful operation.
81-2,276         Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation regulation.
81-2,277         Food processing plants; compliance required.
81-2,281         Department; enforce act; contract for conduct of certain regulatory functions; exemption from inspection fee; inspections; how conducted; by whom.
81-2,282         Adulteration of food; prohibited; adulteration, defined.
81-2,283         Misbranded food; prohibited; misbranded, defined.
81-2,284         Deceptive packaging of food; prohibited; deceptively packed or packaged, defined.
81-2,285         False advertisement regarding food; prohibited; false advertisement, defined.
81-2,286         Regulatory authority; determination of violations; use of federal regulations; when.
81-2,287         Regulatory authority; enforcement; issue stop-sale, stop-use, removal orders; procedure.
81-2,288         Department; adopt rules and regulations; contracts with federal agencies authorized; exemptions from act.
81-2,288.01   Regulatory authority; inspection reporting requirements.
81-2,288.02   Regulatory authority; inspection intervals.
81-2,289         Restraining orders and injunctions; department; county attorney; duties.
81-2,290         Violations; penalty; county attorney; duties.
81-2,291         Pure Food Cash Fund; created; use; investment.
81-2,292         Bed and breakfast establishments; exempt from act.

81-2,239. Nebraska Pure Food Act; provisions included; how cited.   Sections 81-2,239 to 81-2,292 and the provisions of the Food Code, the Food Salvage Code, and the Current Good Manufacturing Practice In Manufacturing, Packing, or Holding Human Food adopted by reference in sections 81- 2,257.01 to 81-2,259, shall be known and may be cited as the Nebraska Pure Food Act.

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81-2,240. Definitions, where found.   For purposes of the Nebraska Pure Food Act, unless the context otherwise requires, the definitions found in sections 81-2,241 to 81-2,254.01 shall be used. In addition, the definitions found in the codes and practice adopted by reference in sections 81- 2,257.01 and 81-2,259 shall be used.

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81-2,241. Advertising, defined.   Advertising shall mean all representations disseminated in any manner, other than labeling, intended or likely to induce the purchase or use of food, including a menu.

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81-2,242. Bed and breakfast establishment, defined.   Bed and breakfast establishment shall mean any place of lodging that provides rented rooms to ten or fewer people, that is the personal residence of the owner, that is occupied by the owner at the time of rental, and in which the only meal served to renters is breakfast.

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81-2,242.01. Caterer, defined.   Caterer shall mean a person in the business of providing food to a customer for parties, banquets, or other similar functions at a location owned, rented, or otherwise controlled by the customer.

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81-2,242.02. Commissary, defined.   Commissary shall mean a food establishment where food, food containers, or food supplies are kept, handled, prepared, packaged, or stored for use in mobile food units, pushcarts, or vending machines.

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81-2,242.03. Convenience store, defined.   Convenience store shall mean a food establishment or section of an establishment where the food offered to the consumer is intended for off-premise consumption and there are no meat processing or produce processing areas.

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81-2,242.04. Commercial food establishment, defined.   Commercial food establishment means an operation with a permanent sales location and such location has more than one hundred cubic feet of area containing food.

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81-2,243. Department, defined.   Department shall mean the Department of Agriculture.

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81-2,244. Director, defined.   Director shall mean the Director of Agriculture or his or her designated employee, representative, or authorized agent.

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81-2,244.01. Food Code, defined.   Food Code shall mean the 2001 Recommendations of the United States Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, except sections 1-201.10(B)(1), (3), (36), (37), (57), (58), and (73), 2-102.11, 2-103.11(H) and (K), 2-201.11, 2-201.12, 2-201.13, 2-201.14, 2-302.11, 2-303.11, 3-201.11(E), 3-202.11(A) and (D), 3-301.11, 3- 302.11(B)(4), 3-304.13, 3-304.17, 3-401.11(C)(2) and (D)(2), 3-403.11(C), 3-404.11(A), 3-501, 3-502.11, 3-502.12, 3-603.11, 3-701.11(C), 4-204.111, 4-204.117, 4- 301.12(C)(5), (D) and (E), 4-302.12(B), 4-603.16(C), 4-603.17, 4-802.11(C), 5-103.12, 5-104.11, 5-104.12, 5-203.12, 5-203.15, 5-302.16, 6-301.14, 6-302.10, 8-101, 8-102, 8- 201.11, 8-201.12, 8-201.13(A)(2) and (3) and (B), 8-201.14(C), 8-202 through 8-304, 8- 401.10(B)(2), 8-402.20 through 8-403.20, 8-403.50 through 8-404.12, and 8-405.20(B). The term Food Code does not include the annexes of such federal recommendations.

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81-2,245.01. Food establishment, defined.   Food establishment shall mean an operation that stores, prepares, packages, serves, sells, vends, or otherwise provides food for human consumption. The term does not include:

(1) An establishment or vending machine operation that offers only prepackaged soft drinks, carbonated or noncarbonated; canned or bottled fruit and vegetable juices; prepackaged ice; candy; chewing gum; potato or corn chips; pretzels; cheese puffs and curls; crackers; popped popcorn; nuts and edible seeds; and cookies, cakes, pies, and other pastries, that are not potentially hazardous foods;

(2) A produce stand that only offers whole, uncut fresh fruits and vegetables;

(3) A food processing plant;

(4) A salvage operation;

(5) A private home where food is prepared or served for personal use, a small day care in the home, or a hunting lodge, guest ranch, or other operation where no more than ten paying guests eat meals in the home;

(6) A private home or other area where food that is not potentially hazardous food is prepared: (a) For sale or service at a religious, charitable, or fraternal organization's bake sale or similar function; or (b) for sale directly to the consumer at a farmers market if the consumer is informed by a clearly visible placard at the sale location that the food was prepared in a kitchen that is not subject to regulation and inspection by the regulatory authority;

(7) A private home or other area where food is prepared for distribution at a fundraising event for a charitable purpose if the consumer is informed by a clearly visible placard at the serving location that the food was prepared in a kitchen that is not subject to regulation and inspection by the regulatory authority. This subdivision does not apply to a caterer or other establishment providing food for the event if the caterer or establishment receives compensation for providing the food;

(8) The location where food prepared by a caterer is served so long as the caterer only minimally handles the food at the serving location;

(9) Educational institutions, health care facilities, nursing homes, and governmental organizations which are inspected by a state agency or a political subdivision other than the regulatory authority for sanitation in the food preparation areas;

(10) A pharmacy as defined in section 71-425 if the pharmacy only sells prepackaged pharmaceutical, medicinal, or health supplement foods that are not potentially hazardous or foods described in subdivision (1) of this section; and

(11) An establishment which is not a commercial food establishment and which sells only commercially packaged foods that are not potentially hazardous foods.

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81-2,246.01. Food processing plant, defined.   Food processing plant shall mean a commercial operation that manufactures, packages, labels, or stores food for human consumption and does not provide food directly to the consumer.

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81-2,247. Food Salvage Code, defined.   Food Salvage Code shall mean the 1984 Recommendation of the Association of Food and Drug Officials and United States Department of Health and Human Services entitled Model Food Salvage Code, as it exists on June 8, 1985, except sections 1- 102(h), 6-401, 6-501, 8-101, 8-201, 11-101, 12-101 through 12-106, 12-201, 12-202, 12-301, 12-401, 12-402, and 12-601 of such code.

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81-2,251. Labeling, defined.   Labeling shall mean the display of written, printed, or graphic matter upon the immediate container of an article of food or which accompanies the article at the time of sale.

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81-2,251.01. Limited food vending machine, defined.   Limited food vending machine shall mean a vending machine which does not dispense potentially hazardous food.

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81-2,251.02. Licensed beverage establishment, defined.   Licensed beverage establishment shall mean an establishment that serves alcoholic beverages and may or may not provide limited food service.

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81-2,251.03. Limited food service establishment, defined.   Limited food service establishment shall mean an establishment that serves or otherwise provides only snack items or commercially prepared and wrapped foods that require little or no preparation.

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81-2,251.04. Mobile food unit, defined.   Mobile food unit shall mean a vehicle mounted food establishment designed to be readily movable that returns to a commissary daily for cleanup and service.

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81-2,251.05. Person in charge, defined.   Person in charge shall mean the individual who is responsible for the operation of the food establishment and who is present at the establishment or is readily accessible to communicate with employees and the regulatory authority.

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81-2,251.06 Pushcart, defined.   Pushcart shall mean a non-self-propelled vehicle limited to serving food which is not potentially hazardous or commissary wrapped food maintained at temperatures in compliance with the Nebraska Pure Food Act or limited to the preparation and serving of frankfurters.

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81-2,252. Regulatory authority, defined.   Regulatory authority shall mean the department or a political subdivision or state agency under contract with the department to perform regulatory functions authorized pursuant to the Nebraska Pure Food Act.

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81-2,253.01. Salvage operation, defined.   Salvage operation shall mean an operation which reconditions, sells, distributes, brokers, or otherwise supplies any distressed or salvaged food.

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81-2,254. Single event food vendor, defined.   Single event food vendor shall mean a temporary food establishment that operates at no more than one event per calendar year for a period of no more than two days.

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81-2,254.01. Temporary food establishment, defined.   Temporary food establishment shall mean a food establishment that operates for a period of no more than fourteen consecutive days in conjunction with a single event or celebration.

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81-2,257. Critical violations; designation.   Critical violations are designated in the Food Code and sections 81-2,272.02 to 81-2,272.04, 81-2,272.06, 81-2,272.10, 81-2,272.14 to 81-2,272.17, 81-2,272.21, 81- 2,272.23 to 81-2,272.27, and 81-2,272.29, and sections 81-2,272.35 to 81-2,272.37 and subdivision (4) of section 81-2,272.31.

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81-2,257.01. Food Code; adoption.   The Legislature hereby adopts by reference the Food Code as defined in section 81-2,244.01 as a part of the Nebraska Pure Food Act.

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81-2,258. Food Salvage Code; adoption.   The Legislature hereby adopts by reference the Food Salvage Code as defined in section 81-2,247 as a part of the Nebraska Pure Food Act.

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81-2,259. Current Good Manufacturing Practice In Manufacturing, Packing, or Holding Human Food; adoption.   The Legislature hereby adopts by reference the Current Good Manufacturing Practice In Manufacturing, Packing, or Holding Human Food found in 21 C.F.R. part 110 as it exists on August 28, 1999.

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81-2,262. Codes and practice; where filed.   Certified copies of the codes and practice adopted by reference pursuant to sections 81-2,257.01 to 81-2,259, shall be filed in the offices of the Secretary of State, Clerk of the Legislature, and department.

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81-2,263. Inconsistencies; sections control.   If there is an inconsistency between sections 81-2,239 to 81-2,292 and any of the codes adopted by reference, the requirements of the sections shall control.

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81-2,267. Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation; construction, conversion, or remodeling; plans and specifications; requirements.   Prior to construction of, conversion to, or remodeling of a food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation, properly prepared plans and specifications for such construction, conversion, or remodeling shall be submitted to the regulatory authority for review and approval. The plans and specifications shall indicate the proposed layout, arrangement, mechanical plans, construction materials of work areas, type and model of proposed fixed equipment and facilities, and description of the type of food to be served or sold. The regulatory authority shall treat such plans and specifications as confidential or trade secret information and shall approve the plans and specifications if they meet the requirements of the Nebraska Pure Food Act. No food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation shall be constructed, converted, or remodeled except in accordance with plans and specifications approved by the regulatory authority. This section does not apply to food establishments which are temporary food establishments.

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81-2,268. Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation facilities and equipment; design and fabrication requirements.   Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation facilities and equipment in use or new facilities and equipment for which contractual obligations are incurred before September 13, 1997, and which do not meet fully all the design and fabrication requirements of the Nebraska Pure Food Act shall be acceptable if they are in good repair and capable of being maintained in a sanitary condition and the food-contact surfaces are of safe materials. A food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation which has a change of ownership or extensive remodeling after September 13, 1997, shall comply with all applicable facility and equipment requirements of the act.

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81-2,270. Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation; permits; application; contents; fees; delinquency; penalty; exemptions.

(1) No person shall operate: (a) A food establishment; (b) a food processing plant; or (c) a salvage operation, without a valid permit which sets forth the types of operation occurring within the establishment.

(2) Application for a permit shall be made to the director on forms prescribed and furnished by the department. Such application shall include the applicant's full name and mailing address, the names and addresses of any partners, members, or corporate officers, the name and address of the person authorized by the applicant to receive the notices and orders of the department as provided in the Nebraska Pure Food Act, whether the applicant is an individual, partnership, limited liability company, corporation, or other legal entity, the location and type of proposed establishment or operation, and the signature of the applicant. Application for a permit shall be made prior to the operation of a food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation. The application shall be accompanied by an initial permit fee and an initial inspection fee in the same amount as the annual inspection fee if inspections are required to be done by the department. If the food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation has been in operation prior to applying for a permit, the applicant shall pay an additional fee of sixty dollars.

(3) Payment of the initial permit fee, the initial inspection fee, and the fee for failing to apply for a permit prior to operation shall not preclude payment of the annual inspection fees due on August 1 of each year. Except as provided in subsections (7) through (10) of this section and subsection (1) of section 81-2,281, a permitholder shall pay annual inspection fees on or before August 1 of each year.

(4) On and after July 1, 2003:

(a) The director shall set the initial permit fee and the annual inspection fees on or before July 1 of each fiscal year to meet the criteria in this subsection. The director may raise or lower the fees each year, but the fees shall not exceed the maximum fees listed in subdivision (4)(b) of this section. The director shall determine the fees based on estimated annual revenue and fiscal year-end cash fund balance as follows:
(i) The estimated annual revenue shall not be greater than one hundred seven percent of program cash fund appropriations allocated for the Nebraska Pure Food Act;

(ii) The estimated fiscal year-end cash fund balance shall not be greater than seventeen percent of program cash fund appropriations allocated for the act; and

(iii) All fee increases or decreases shall be equally distributed between all categories; and

(b) The maximum fees are:

Food Handling Activity Initial Permit Fee First Food Preparation Area
Annual Inspection Fee
Additional Food Preparation Area
Annual Inspection Fee
(per area)
Unit Or Units Annual
Inspection Fee
Convenience Store $61.72 $61.72 $30.86 N/A
Licensed Beverage Establishment $61.72 $61.72 $30.86 N/A
Limited Food Service Establishment $61.72 $61.72 $30.86 N/A
Temporary Food Establishment $61.72 $61.72 $30.86 N/A
Mobile Food Unit (for each unit) $61.72 N/A N/A $30.86
Pushcart (for each unit) $61.72 N/A N/A $12.34
Vending Machine Operations:
    One to ten units
    Eleven to twenty units
    Twenty-one to thirty units
    Thirty-one to forty units
    Over forty units
$61.72  
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
 
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
 
$12.34
$24.68
$37.02
$49.36
$61.70
Food Processing Plant $61.72 $86.40 $30.86 N/A
Salvage Operation $61.72 $86.40 $30.86 N/A
Commissary $61.72 $86.40 $30.86 N/A
All Other Food Establishments $61.72 $86.40 $30.86 N/A

(5) If an establishment is engaged in more than one food handling activity listed in subsection (4) of this section, the inspection fee charged shall be based upon the primary activity conducted within the establishment as determined by the department and any fees assessed for each additional food preparation area within the primary establishment as determined by the department.

(6) The department may impose a penalty for an inspection fee which is more than one month delinquent. The penalty may not exceed fifty percent of the fee for the first month of delinquency and one hundred percent of the fee for the second month of delinquency.

(7) An educational institution, health care facility, nursing home, or governmental organization operating any type of food establishment, other than a mobile food unit or pushcart, is exempt from the requirements in subsections (1) through (6) of this section.

(8) A person whose primary food-related business activity is determined by the department to be egg handling within the meaning of the Nebraska Graded Egg Act and who is validly licensed and paying fees pursuant to such act is exempt from the permit and inspection fee requirements of the Nebraska Pure Food Act.

(9) A person holding a permit or license and regulated under the Nebraska Manufacturing Milk Act or the Nebraska Pasteurized Milk Law and an egg handler licensed and regulated under the Nebraska Graded Egg Act are exempt from the Nebraska Pure Food Act.

(10) A single event food vendor or a religious, charitable, or fraternal organization operating any type of temporary food establishment, mobile food unit, or pushcart is exempt from the requirements of subsections (1) through (6) of this section. Any such organization operating any nontemporary food establishment prior to July 1, 1985, is exempt from the requirements of subsection (2) of this section.

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81-2,271. Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation; permit; posting; change of ownership or location; duties; movement authorized.

(1) The permit required by section 81-2,270 shall be posted in a location in the food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation which is conspicuous to the public. A salvage operation shall also have a copy of the permit in each vehicle.

(2) The permit is not transferable to any other person or location. Any permit issued lapses automatically upon a change of ownership or location except as provided in subsection (3) of this section. The permitholder shall notify the department in writing at least thirty days prior to any change in ownership, name, or address. The permitholder shall notify the department in writing before there is a change of the name or address of the person authorized to receive the notices and orders of the department. When an establishment is to be permanently closed, the permitholder shall return the permit to the department within one week after the closing.

(3) A mobile food unit, pushcart, or vending machine may be moved if the permitholder is able to provide the location of such unit, pushcart, or machine to the regulatory authority upon request and the person authorized by the permitholder to receive notices and orders of the department maintains a permanent mailing address on file with the department.

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81-2,272. Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation; inspection; denial of permit; hearing.   Before approving an application for a permit pursuant to section 81-2,270, the regulatory authority shall inspect the food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation to determine whether the applicant qualifies to hold a permit pursuant to subsection (1) of section 81-2,273. An applicant found to qualify to hold a permit pursuant to such subsection shall be issued a permit. An applicant who does not receive a permit shall be afforded the opportunity of a hearing to present evidence that the applicant is qualified to hold a permit pursuant to such subsection and should be issued a permit. All such hearings shall be in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act.

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81-2,272.02. Foodborne illness; Nebraska Pure Food Act; responsible individual; requirements.   The individual who is responsible for the food establishment shall have knowledge of the risks of foodborne illness inherent to the food operation, foodborne disease prevention, and the requirements of the Nebraska Pure Food Act. The individual shall demonstrate this knowledge by the passing of routine sanitation inspections by the food establishment, successfully completing an approved food handler training course, or responding correctly to the regulatory authority's questions as they relate to the areas of the food establishment's noncompliance in order to bring that area into compliance.

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81-2,272.03. Food employee; health conditions; reporting requirements.   The permitholder shall require a food employee to report to the person in charge information about his or her health and activities as they relate to diseases that are transmissible through food. The food employee shall report the information in a manner that allows the person in charge to prevent the likelihood of foodborne disease transmission, if the food employee:

(1) Is diagnosed with an illness due to:
(a) Salmonella typhi;

(b) Shigella spp.;

(c) Escherichia coli 0157:H7; or

(d) Hepatitis A virus;

(2) Has a symptom caused by illness, infection, or other source that is:
(a) Associated with an acute gastrointestinal illness such as:
(i) Fever;

(ii) Vomiting;

(iii) Jaundice;

(iv) Sore throat with fever; or

(v) Diarrhea with one or more of the symptoms described in subdivisions (2)(a)(i) through (iv) of this section; or

(b) A lesion containing pus such as a boil or infected wound that is open or draining and is:
(i) On a hand or wrist, unless an impermeable cover protects the lesion and a single-use glove is worn over the impermeable cover;

(ii) On an exposed portion of an arm, unless the lesion is protected by an impermeable cover; or

(iii) On any other part of the body, unless the lesion is covered by a dry, durable, tight- fitting bandage;

(3) Had a past illness from an infectious agent specified in subdivision (1) of this section; or

(4) Meets one or more of the following high-risk conditions:

(a) Is suspected of causing, or being exposed to, a confirmed disease outbreak caused by Salmonella typhi, Shigella spp., Escherichia coli 0157:H7, or hepatitis A virus, including an outbreak at an event such as a family meal, church supper, or ethnic festival because the food employee:
(i) Prepared food implicated in the outbreak;

(ii) Consumed food implicated in the outbreak; or

(iii) Consumed food at the event prepared by a person who is infected or ill with the infectious agent that caused the outbreak or who is suspected of being a carrier of the infectious agent;

(b) Lives in the same household as a person who is diagnosed with a disease caused by Salmonella typhi, Shigella spp., Escherichia coli 0157:H7, or hepatitis A virus;

(c) Lives in the same household as a person who attends or works in a setting where there is a confirmed disease outbreak caused by Salmonella typhi, Shigella spp., Escherichia coli 0157:H7, or hepatitis A virus; or

(d) Traveled out of the country within the last fifty calendar days.

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81-2,272.04. Foodborne disease transmission; person in charge; duties.   To prevent the likelihood of foodborne disease transmission, the person in charge of the food establishment shall:

(1) Exclude a food employee from a food establishment if the food employee is diagnosed with an infectious agent specified in subdivision (1) of section 81-2,272.03;

(2) Except as specified under subdivision (3) of this section, restrict a food employee from working with exposed food, clean equipment, utensils, and linens, and unwrapped single-service and single-use articles in a food establishment if the food employee:

(a) Is suffering from a symptom specified in subdivision (2) of section 81-2,272.03; or

(b) Is not experiencing a symptom of acute gastroenteritis specified in subdivision (2)(a) of section 81-2,272.03 but has a stool that yields a specimen culture that is positive for Salmonella typhi;

(3) If the population served is highly susceptible, exclude a food employee who:
(a) Is experiencing a symptom of acute gastrointestinal illness specified in subdivision (2)(a) of section 81-2,272.03 and meets a high-risk condition specified in subdivision (4) of such section;

(b) Is not experiencing a symptom of acute gastroenteritis specified in subdivision (2)(a) of section 81-2,272.03 but has a stool that yields a specimen culture that is positive for Salmonella typhi, Shigella spp., or Escherichia coli 0157:H7;

(c) Had a past illness from Salmonella typhi within the last three months; or

(d) Had a past illness from Shigella spp. or Escherichia coli 0157:H7 within the last month; and

(4) For a food employee who is jaundiced:
(a) If the onset of jaundice occurred within the last seven calendar days, exclude the food employee from the food establishment; or

(b) If the onset of jaundice occurred more than seven calendar days before:

(i) Exclude the food employee from a food establishment that serves a highly susceptible population; or

(ii) Restrict the food employee from activities specified in subdivision (2) of this section, if the food establishment does not serve a highly susceptible population.

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81-2,272.05. Person in charge; remove medical exclusion; when.

(1) The person in charge of a food establishment may remove a medical exclusion imposed upon a food employee as specified in subdivision (1) of section 81-2,272.04 if the person in charge obtains approval from the regulatory authority and if the excluded food employee provides to the person in charge written medical documentation from a physician licensed to practice medicine that specifies that the excluded food employee:
(a) May work in an unrestricted capacity in a food establishment, including an establishment that serves a highly susceptible population, because the food employee is free of:
(i) The infectious agent of concern; or

(ii) Symptoms, if hepatitis A virus is the infectious agent of concern; or

(b) May only work in an unrestricted capacity in a food establishment that does not serve a highly susceptible population because the food employee:
(i) Is free of the symptoms specified in subdivision (2)(a) of section 81-2,272.03; and

(ii) Has a stool that yields a specimen culture that is positive for Shigella spp. or Escherichia coli 0157:H7.

(2) The person in charge may remove a restriction specified in:
(a) Subdivision (2)(a) of section 81-2,272.04 if the restricted food employee:
(i) Is free of the symptoms specified in subdivision (2) of section 81-2,272.03 and no foodborne illness occurs that may have been caused by the restricted food employee;

(ii) Is suspected of causing foodborne illness but is free of the symptoms specified in subdivision (2) of section 81-2,272.03 and provides written medical documentation from a physician licensed to practice medicine stating that the restricted food employee is free of the infectious agent that is suspected of causing the employee's symptoms or causing foodborne illness; or

(iii) Provides written medical documentation from a physician licensed to practice medicine stating that the symptoms experienced result from a chronic noninfectious condition such as ulcerative colitis or irritable bowel syndrome; or

(b) Subdivision (2)(b) of section 81-2,272.04 if the restricted food employee provides written medical documentation that indicates the employee's stools are free of Salmonella typhi.
(3) The person in charge may remove an exclusion specified under subdivision (3) of section 81-2,272.04 if the excluded food employee provides written medical documentation from a physician licensed to practice medicine that the employee is free of Salmonella typhi, Shigella spp., Escherichia coli 0157:H7, or hepatitis A virus, whichever is the infectious agent of concern.

(4) The person in charge may remove an exclusion specified in subdivision (4) of section 81-2,272.04 if:

(a) No foodborne illness occurs that may have been caused by the excluded or restricted food employee and the employee:
(i) Provides written medical documentation from a physician licensed to practice medicine stating that the food employee is free of hepatitis A virus infection; or

(ii) Is no longer jaundiced; or

(b) The excluded or restricted food employee is suspected of causing foodborne illness and complies with subdivisions (4)(a)(i) and (ii) of this section.
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81-2,272.06. Food employee; compliance required.   A food employee shall comply with medical exclusions and restrictions and report to the person in charge of the food establishment the information specified in section 81-2,272.03.

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81-2,272.10. Food employees; food contact; restrictions.   Except when washing fruits and vegetables, food employees shall not contact exposed, ready-to-eat food with their bare hands unless the food employee washes his or her hands or washes his or her hands and uses suitable utensils such as deli tissue, spatulas, tongs, single-use gloves, or dispensing equipment. Food employees shall minimize bare hand and arm contact with exposed food that is not in a ready-to-eat form.

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81-2,272.14. Food container; refill restrictions.

(1) A take-home food container returned to a food establishment shall not be refilled at a food establishment with a potentially hazardous food.

(2) Except as specified in subsections (3) and (4) of this section, empty containers intended for cleaning and refilling with food shall be cleaned and refilled in a regulated food processing plant.

(3) A food-specific container for beverages may be refilled at a food establishment if:

(a) Only beverages that are not potentially hazardous are used;

(b) The design of the container and of the rinsing equipment and the nature of the beverage, when considered together, allow effective cleaning at home or in the establishment;

(c) The consumer-owned container returned to the food establishment for refilling is refilled for sale or service only to the same consumer; and

(d) The container is refilled by a food employee of the establishment, or the owner of the container if the beverage system includes a contamination-free transfer process that cannot be bypassed by the owner of the container.

(4) Consumer-owned containers that are not food-specific may be filled at a water vending station.
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81-2,272.15. Potentially hazardous food; temperature requirements.   Potentially hazardous food that is cooked and received hot shall be at a temperature of one hundred thirty-five degrees Fahrenheit (fifty-seven degrees Celsius) or above and shall be free of evidence of previous temperature abuse.

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81-2,272.16. Raw animal foods; cooking requirements.

(1) Except as otherwise provided in the Nebraska Pure Food Act, raw animal foods such as eggs, fish, poultry, meat, and foods containing these raw animal foods shall be cooked to heat all parts of the food to a temperature and for a time that are in accordance with the act.

(2) Poultry, stuffed fish, stuffed meat, stuffed pasta, stuffed poultry, or stuffing containing fish, meat, or poultry shall be cooked to heat all parts of the food to one hundred sixty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seventy-four degrees Celsius) or above for fifteen seconds.

(3) When ordered by the immediate consumer, whole-muscle intact beef steaks, which have been seared on both sides, shall be exempted from the minimum cooking temperatures specified in the act.

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81-2,272.17. Person in charge; raw or undercooked animal foods; consumer advisory requirements.

(1) The person in charge of a food establishment shall ensure that consumers who order raw or partially cooked foods of animal origin are informed that the food is not cooked sufficiently to assure its safety. If a raw or undercooked animal food such as beef, eggs, fish, lamb, pork, poultry, or shellfish is offered in a ready-to-eat form as a deli, menu, vended, or other item, or as a raw ingredient in another ready-to-eat form, the permitholder shall inform consumers by brochures, deli case or menu advisories, label statements, table tents, placards, or other written means of the significantly increased risk associated with certain especially vulnerable consumers eating such foods in a raw or undercooked form. The following language will satisfy the consumer advisory requirements:
"Thoroughly cooking foods of animal origin such as beef, eggs, fish, lamb, pork, poultry, or shellfish reduces the risk of foodborne illness. Individuals with certain health conditions may be at higher risk if these foods are consumed raw or undercooked. Consult your physician or public health official for further information."
(2) This section shall not apply to beef meeting the requirements of subsection (3) of section 81-2,272.16.
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81-2,272.19. Frozen foods; temperature requirements.   Stored frozen foods shall be maintained frozen. Frozen potentially hazardous food that is slacked to moderate the temperature shall be held under refrigeration that maintains the food temperature at:

(1) Forty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius) or below if the food is to be consumed within four calendar days;

(2) Forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) or below if the food is not to be consumed within four calendar days; or

(3) Any temperature if the food remains frozen.

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81-2,272.20. Potentially hazardous food; thawing requirements.   Potentially hazardous food shall be thawed:

(1) Under refrigeration that maintains the food temperature at forty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius) or below if the food is to be consumed within four calendar days or at forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) or below if the food is not to be consumed within four calendar days:

(2) Completely submerged under running water:

(a) At a water temperature of seventy degrees Fahrenheit (twenty-one degrees Celsius) or below;

(b) With sufficient water velocity to agitate and float off loose particles in an overflow; and

(c)

(i) For thawed portions of ready-to-eat food: For a period of time that does not allow the food temperature to rise above forty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius) if the food is to be consumed within four calendar days or to rise above forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) if the food is not to be consumed within four calendar days; or

(ii) For thawed portions of a raw animal food requiring cooking: For a period of time that does not allow the food temperature to be above forty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius) for more than four hours, including the time the food is exposed to the running water and the time needed for preparation for cooking or the time it takes under refrigeration to lower the food temperature to forty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius), if the food is to be consumed within four calendar days or to be above forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) if the food is not to be consumed within four calendar days;

(3) As part of a cooking process if the food that is frozen is:
(a) Cooked as specified in the Nebraska Pure Food Act; or

(b) Thawed in a microwave oven and immediately transferred to conventional cooking equipment, with no interruption in the process; or

(4) Using any procedure if a portion of frozen ready-to-eat food is thawed and prepared for immediate service in response to an individual consumer's order.
81-2,272.21. Potentially hazardous food; cooling requirements.
(1) Cooked potentially hazardous food shall be cooled:
(a) Within two hours from one hundred thirty-five degrees Fahrenheit (fifty-seven degrees Celsius) to seventy degrees Fahrenheit (twenty-one degrees Celsius); and

(b) Within four hours from seventy degrees Fahrenheit (twenty-one degrees Celsius) to be in compliance with subdivision (2) of section 81-2,272.23.

(2) Potentially hazardous food prepared from ingredients at ambient temperature shall be cooled within four hours to be in compliance with subdivision (2) of section 81- 2,272.23.
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81-2,272.22. Food cooling requirements.

(1) Cooling shall be accomplished in accordance with the time and temperature criteria specified under section 81-2,272.21 by using one or more of the following methods based on the type of food being cooled:
(a) Placing the food in shallow pans;

(b) Separating the food into smaller or thinner portions;

(c) Using rapid cooling equipment;

(d) Stirring the food in a container placed in an ice water bath;

(e) Using containers that facilitate heat transfer;

(f) Adding ice as an ingredient; or

(g) Other effective methods.

(2) When placed in cooling or cold holding equipment, food containers in which food is being cooled shall be:
(a) Arranged in the equipment to provide maximum heat transfer through the container walls; and

(b) Loosely covered, or uncovered if protected from overhead contamination during the cooling period to facilitate heat transfer from the surface of the food.

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81-2,272.23. Potentially hazardous food; temperature requirements.   Except during preparation, cooking, or cooling or when time is used as the public health control as specified in section 81-2,272.26, potentially hazardous food shall be maintained:

(1) At one hundred thirty-five degrees Fahrenheit (fifty-seven degrees Celsius) or above, except that roasts cooked to a temperature and for a time specified in the Nebraska Pure Food Act may be held at a temperature of one hundred thirty degrees Fahrenheit (fifty-four degrees Celsius); or

(2) At forty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius) or below if the food is to be consumed within four calendar days or at forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) or below if the food is not to be consumed within four calendar days.

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81-2,272.24. Potentially hazardous food; date marking; consumption; when.

(1) For refrigerated, ready-to-eat, potentially hazardous food prepared on the premises of a food establishment and held refrigerated for more than twenty-four hours in such food establishment, the container shall be clearly marked with the date of preparation. The food shall be consumed within:
(a) Seven calendar days or less if the food is held refrigerated at forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) or below; or

(b) Four calendar days or less if the food is held refrigerated between forty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius) and forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius).

(2) For refrigerated, ready-to-eat, potentially hazardous food prepared and packaged by a food processing plant which is opened in a food establishment and held refrigerated at such food establishment, the container shall be clearly marked, at the time the original container is opened, to indicate the date the food container was opened. The food shall be consumed within:
(a) Seven calendar days or less if the food is held refrigerated at forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) or below; or

(b) Four calendar days or less if the food is held refrigerated between forty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius) and forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius).

This subsection does not apply to fermented sausages which retain an original casing or shelf stable salt-cured products produced in a federally inspected food processing plant that are not labeled "Keep Refrigerated" or to shelf stable, dry, fermented sausages when the face has been cut, but the remaining portion is whole and intact.

(3) A refrigerated, ready-to-eat, potentially hazardous food that is frequently rewrapped or for which date marking is impractical may be marked by an alternative method acceptable to the regulatory authority.

(4) A refrigerated, ready-to-eat, potentially hazardous food ingredient or a portion of a refrigerated, ready-to-eat, potentially hazardous food that is subsequently combined with additional ingredients or portions of food shall retain the date marking of the earliest-prepared or first-prepared ingredient.

(5) This section does not apply to individual meal portions served or repackaged for sale from a bulk container upon a consumer's request.

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81-2,272.25. Potentially hazardous food; discard; when.

(1) A food specified under subsection (1) of section 81-2,272.24 shall be discarded if not consumed within, including the day of preparation:
(a) Seven calendar days if the food is held refrigerated at forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) or below; or

(b) Four calendar days if the food is held refrigerated between forty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius) and forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius).

(2) A ready-to-eat, potentially hazardous food prepared on premises or by a food processing plant and opened at a food establishment and subsequently frozen at such food establishment shall be discarded if not consumed within twenty-four hours after thawing.

(3) A food specified under subsection (3) of section 81-2,272.24 shall be discarded if not consumed within, including the day of opening the original container:

(a) Seven calendar days if the food is held refrigerated at forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) or below; or

(b) Four calendar days if the food is held refrigerated between forty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius) and forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius).

(4) A food specified under section 81-2,272.24 shall be discarded if the food is:
(a) Not consumed before the most recent consumption date marked on the container;

(b) In a container or package which is not marked with a preparation date or number of days held in refrigeration before freezing; or

(c) Inappropriately marked with a consumption date or number of days held refrigerated that exceeds the restrictions under section 81-2,272.24.

(5) Refrigerated, ready-to-eat, potentially hazardous food prepared in a food establishment and dispensed through a vending machine with an automatic shut-off control that is activated at a temperature of:
(a) Forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) shall be discarded if not sold within seven calendar days; or

(b) Forty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius) shall be discarded if not sold within four calendar days.

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81-2,272.26. Potentially hazardous food; use of time as public health control; when.   Time only, rather than time in conjunction with temperature, may be used as the public health control for a working supply of potentially hazardous food before cooking, or for ready-to-eat potentially hazardous food that is displayed or held for service for immediate consumption, if:

(1) The food is marked or otherwise identified with the time within which it shall be cooked, served, or discarded;

(2) The food is served or discarded within four hours from the point in time when the food is removed from temperature control;

(3) Food in unmarked containers or packages, or for which the time expires, is discarded; and

(4) Written procedures are maintained in the food establishment and made available to the regulatory authority, upon request, to ensure compliance with this section and section 81-2,272.21 for food that is prepared, cooked, and refrigerated before time is used as a public health control.

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81-2,272.27. Food establishment; reduced oxygen packaging method; when.   A food establishment may use a reduced oxygen packaging method if a variance has been granted by the regulatory authority or under the following conditions:

(1) A food establishment shall only use a reduced oxygen packaging method with potentially hazardous food that does not support the growth of the bacteria Clostridium botulinum because it:
(a) Has an AW (water activity) of ninety-one hundredths or less;

(b) Has a pH of four and six-tenths or less; or

(c) Is a meat product cured and processed in the food establishment that at the time of processing had a concentration of sodium nitrite of one hundred twenty milligrams per liter or higher and has a brine concentration of at least three and one-half percent.

(2) A food with a high level of competing organisms such as raw meat, raw poultry, or semi-soft cheese containing live active starter culture organisms may be packaged using a reduced oxygen method. Such products shall be labeled with a "sell by" or "use by" date not to exceed fourteen days and shall be discarded if not sold by that date.

(3) Products packaged using a reduced oxygen method shall be maintained at forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) or below.

(4) Except as provided in subdivision (2) of this section, products packaged using a reduced oxygen method shall be discarded if not sold within thirty days from processing if the food is processed at the food establishment. Food processed by a food processing plant that has been repackaged by the food establishment shall be discarded if not sold within fourteen days from packaging by the food establishment or the original manufacturers "sell by" or "use by" date, whichever occurs first.

(5) Except as provided in subdivision (2) of this section, products packaged using a reduced oxygen method shall be labeled with a "sell by" or "use by" date which is not more than thirty days from the date it was processed by the food establishment. Food processed by a food processing plant that has been repackaged by the food establishment shall be labeled with a "sell by" or "use by" date which is not more than fourteen days from the date it was repackaged by the food establishment or the original manufacturer's "sell by" or "use by" date, whichever occurs first.

(6) Food establishments which process and package food using a reduced oxygen method shall have written policies for operational procedures that:

(a) Prohibit contacting ready-to-eat foods with bare hands without proper handwashing;

(b) Identify a designated area for reduced oxygen packaging which separates raw foods and ready-to-eat foods to minimize cross contamination;

(c) Restrict access to the processing equipment to only responsible trained personnel familiar with the potential hazards of the operation; and

(d) Delineate cleaning and sanitation procedures for food contact surfaces.

(7) Food establishments which package food using a reduced oxygen method shall have a training program to ensure that the individual responsible for the reduced oxygen packaging operation understands the requirements of the Nebraska Pure Food Act and the procedures, equipment, and facilities required for safe operation.

(8) A food establishment shall not package fish using a reduced oxygen method unless the fish remains frozen before, during, and after packaging or a variance has been granted by the regulatory authority.

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81-2,272.28. Temporary water supply; requirements.   Any temporary food establishment, mobile food unit, or food establishment with a temporary interruption of its water supply, which does not meet the requirements of subdivisions (1) through (4) of section 81-2,272.31, shall use:

(1) Containers of commercially bottled drinking water;

(2) One or more closed portable water containers;

(3) An enclosed vehicular water tank;

(4) An on-premises water storage tank; or

(5) Piping, tubing, or hoses connected to an adjacent approved water source. Any hose used for conveying drinking water from a water tank shall have a smooth interior surface, be of food grade material, and, if not permanently attached, be clearly and durably identified as to its use.

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81-2,272.29. Food establishment; carbonation requirements.   A carbonating device or a beverage dispenser with an internal carbonator intended to be connected to a water supply system under pressure in a food establishment shall have an air gap as specified in the Nebraska Pure Food Act or a backflow prevention device as specified in the act and downstream from any copper in the water supply line.

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81-2,272.30. Read-to-eat food; requirements.   Ready-to-eat food taken from a commercially processed, hermetically sealed container, or from an intact package from a food processing plant, shall be heated to a temperature of at least one hundred thirty-five degrees Fahrenheit (fifty-seven degrees Celsius) for hot holding.

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81-2,272.31. Water supply; requirements.   Except in response to a temporary interruption of a water supply in the food establishment, any food establishment which is not a mobile food unit or temporary food establishment shall:

(1) Have water under pressure provided to all fixtures, equipment, and nonfood equipment that are required to use water;

(2) Receive water through the use of an approved water main;

(3) Have a permanent plumbing system; and

(4) Have at least one toilet which is permanent, convenient, and accessible.

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81-2,272.32. Food employee; fingernail requirements.

(1) Except as provided under subsection (2) of this section, a food employee shall keep his or her fingernails trimmed, filed, and maintained so the edges and surfaces are cleanable and not rough. Unless wearing intact gloves in good condition, a food employee shall not wear fingernail polish or artificial fingernails when working with exposed food.

(2) This section does not apply to a food employee such as a counter staff person who only serves beverages and wrapped or packaged foods, a host staff person, or a wait staff person if he or she presents a minimal risk of contaminating exposed food, clean equipment, utensils, and linens, and unwrapped single-service and single-use articles.

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81-2,272.33. Food employee: jewelry requirements.   While preparing food, a food employee shall not wear jewelry on his or her arms and hands except for plain rings such as wedding bands and medical information bracelets.

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81-2,272.34. Linens and cloth napkins; requirements.   Except for raw dough being prepared prior to being cooked, linens and cloth napkins shall not be used in contact with food unless they are used to line a container for the service of foods and the linens and napkins are replaced each time the container is refilled. Linens and cloth napkins which are used in contact with food and cloth napkins used by consumers shall be laundered between each use.

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81-2,272.35. Read-to-eat food; discarded; when.   Ready-to-eat food that may have been contaminated by an employee who has been restricted or excluded as specified under section 81-2,272.04 shall be discarded.

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81-2,272.36. Vending machine dispensing potentially hazardous food; requirements.

(1) A vending machine dispensing potentially hazardous food shall have an automatic control that prevents vending machine from dispensing food:
(a) If there is a power failure, mechanical failure, or other condition that results in an internal machine temperature that cannot maintain food temperatures as specified under the Nebraska Pure Food Act; and

(b) If a condition specified under subsection (1)(a) of this section occurs, until the vending machine is serviced and restocked with food that has been maintained at temperatures specified under the act.

(2) When the automatic shutoff within a vending machine dispensing potentially hazardous food is activated:
(a) In a refrigerated vending machine, the ambient temperature shall not exceed forty- one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) or forty-five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius) as specified under the act for more than thirty minutes immediately after the vending machine is filled, serviced, or restocked; or

(b) In a hot holding vending machine, the ambient temperature shall not be below one hundred thirty-five degrees Fahrenheit (fifty-seven degrees Celsius) for more than one hundred twenty minutes immediately after the vending machine is filled, serviced, or restocked.

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81-2,272.37. Refrigerated, potentially hazardous food; temperature requirements.   Refrigerated, potentially hazardous food which is not to be consumed within twenty-four hours shall be at a temperature of forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) or below when received. Refrigerated, potentially hazardous food which is to be consumed within twenty-four hours shall be at a temperature between forty five degrees Fahrenheit (seven degrees Celsius) and forty-one degrees Fahrenheit (five degrees Celsius) when received.

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81-2,273. Permitholder; duties; disciplinary action; effect; hearing; reinstatement of permit.

(1) A holder of a permit issued under the Nebraska Pure Food Act shall comply with the act, the rules and regulations adopted pursuant thereto, and any order of the director issued pursuant thereto. The permitholder shall not interfere with the department in the performance of its duties.

(2) A permitholder may be put on probation requiring such person to comply with the conditions set out in an order of probation issued by the director after: (a) The director determines the permitholder has not complied with subsection (1) of this section; (b) the permitholder is given written notice to comply and written notice of the right to a hearing to show cause why an order of probation should not be issued; and (c) the director finds that issuing an order of probation is appropriate based on the hearing record or on the available information if the hearing is waived by the permitholder.

(3) A permit may be suspended after: (a) The director determines the permitholder has not complied with subsection (1) of this section; (b) the permitholder is given written notice to comply and written notice of the right to a hearing to show cause why the permit should not be suspended; and (c) the director finds that issuing an order suspending the permit is appropriate based on the hearing record or on the available information if the hearing is waived by the permitholder.

(4) A permit may be immediately suspended and the director may order the permitholder's food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation closed prior to hearing when: (a) The director determines an immediate danger to the public health, safety, or welfare exists in or is caused by the permitholder's food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation; and (b) the permitholder receives the written notice to comply and written notice of the right to a hearing to show cause why the suspension should not be sustained. Within fifteen days after the suspension, the permitholder may request, in writing, a date for a hearing and the director shall consider the interests of the permitholder when the director establishes the date and time of the hearing, except that no hearing shall be held sooner than is reasonable under the circumstances. When a permitholder does not request a hearing date within such fifteen-day period, the director shall establish a hearing date and shall notify the permitholder of the date and time of such hearing.

(5) A permit may be revoked after: (a) The director determines the permitholder has committed serious, repeated, or multiple violations of any of the requirements of subsection (1) of this section; (b) the permitholder is given written notice to comply and written notice of the right to a hearing to show cause why the permit should not be revoked; and (c) the director finds that issuing an order revoking the permit is appropriate based on the hearing record or on the available information if the hearing is waived by the permitholder.

(6) Any food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation for which the permit has been suspended shall close and remain closed until the permit is reinstated. Any food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation for which the permit has been revoked shall close and remain closed until a new permit is issued.

(7) The director may terminate proceedings to suspend or revoke a permit or to subject a permitholder to an order of probation at any time if the reasons for such proceedings no longer exist. A permit which has been suspended may be reinstated, a person with a revoked permit may be issued a new permit, or a permitholder may no longer be subject to an order of probation if the director determines the conditions which prompted the suspension, revocation, or probation no longer exist.

(8) Proceedings for suspension, revocation, or probation shall not preclude the department from pursuing other civil or criminal actions.

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81-2,274. Notice or order; service; contents; hearings; procedure.

(1) Any notice or order provided for in the Nebraska Pure Food Act shall be personally served on the permitholder or on the person authorized by the permitholder to receive notices and orders of the department or shall be sent by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the last-known address of the permitholder or the person authorized to receive such notices and orders. A copy of the notice and the order shall be filed in the records of the department.

(2) A notice to comply provided for in section 81-2,273 shall set forth the acts or omissions with which the permitholder is charged.

(3) A notice of the permitholder's right to a hearing provided for in the act shall set forth the time and place of the hearing except as provided in subsection (4) of section 81-2,273. A notice of the permitholder's right to such hearing shall include notice that a permitholder's right to a hearing may be waived pursuant to subsection (5) of this section. A notice of the permitholder's right to a hearing to show cause why the permit should not be revoked shall include notice to the permitholder that the permit may be revoked or suspended, that the permitholder may be subject to an order of probation, or that the permit may be suspended and the permitholder subject to an order of probation, if the director determines such action is more appropriate. A notice of the permitholder's right to a hearing to show cause why the permit should not be suspended shall include notice to the permitholder that the permit may be suspended or that the permitholder may also be subject to an order of probation if the director determines such action is more appropriate.

(4) The hearings provided for in the act shall be conducted by the director at the time and place he or she designates. The director shall make a final finding based upon the complete hearing record and issue an order. If the director has suspended a permit pursuant to subsection (4) of section 81-2,273, the director shall sustain, modify, or rescind the order. All hearings shall be in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act.

(5) A permitholder shall be deemed to waive the right to a hearing if such permitholder does not come to the hearing at the time and place set forth in the notice described in subsection (3) of this section without requesting the director at least two days before the designated time to change the time and place for the hearing, except that before an order of the director becomes final, the director may designate a different time and place for the hearing if the permitholder shows the director that the permitholder had a justifiable reason for not coming to the hearing and not timely requesting a change in the time and place for such hearing. If the permitholder waives the right to a hearing, the director shall make a final finding based upon the available information and issue an order. If the director has suspended a permit pursuant to subsection (4) of section 81-2,273, the director shall sustain, modify, or rescind the order.

(6) Any person aggrieved by the finding of the director shall have ten days from the entry of the director's order to request a new hearing if such person can show that a mistake of fact has been made which affected the director's determination. Any order of the director shall become final upon the expiration of ten days after its entry if no request for a new hearing is made.

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81-2,275. Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation; unlawful operation.   It is unlawful for a person to operate a food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation in any manner which is not in conformity with the Nebraska Pure Food Act or the rules and regulations adopted and promulgated pursuant thereto or to interfere with the duties of the department or any final order of the director pursuant to such act.

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81-2,276. Food establishment, food processing plant, or salvage operation regulation.   It is the responsibility of the department to regulate the operation of food establishments, food processing plants, and salvage operations in the manner set out in the Nebraska Pure Food Act.

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81-2,277. Food processing plants; compliance required.   Food processing plants shall comply with the federal Current Good Manufacturing Practice In Manufacturing, Packing, or Holding Human Food found in 21 C.F.R. part 110 as it exists on August 28, 1999.

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81-2,281. Department; enforce act; contract for conduct of certain regulatory functions; exemption from inspection fee; inspections; how conducted; by whom.

(1) The department shall enforce the Nebraska Pure Food Act. The department may contract with any political subdivision or state agency it deems qualified to conduct any or all regulatory functions authorized pursuant to the act except those functions relating to the issuance, suspension, or revocation of permits or any order of probation. Holders of permits issued pursuant to the act who are regularly inspected by political subdivisions under contract with the department shall be exempt from the inspection fees prescribed in section 81-2,270 if such holders pay license or inspection fees to the political subdivision performing the inspections.

(2) It shall be the responsibility of the regulatory authority to inspect food establishments and food processing plants as often as required by the act. An inspection of a salvage operation shall be performed at least once every three hundred sixty-five days of operation. Additional inspections shall be performed as often as is necessary for the efficient and effective enforcement of the act.

(3) All inspections conducted pursuant to the act shall be performed by persons who are registered environmental health specialists or trainees as defined in section 71-3702.

(4) Duly authorized personnel of the regulatory authority after showing proper identification shall have access at all reasonable times to food establishments, food processing plants, or salvage operations required by the act to obtain a permit to perform authorized regulatory functions. Such functions shall include, but not be limited to, inspections, checking records maintained in the establishment or other locations to obtain information pertaining to food and supplies purchased, received, used, sold, or distributed, copying and photographing violative conditions, and examining and sampling food. When samples are taken, the inspectors shall pay or offer to pay for samples taken. The authorized personnel shall also have access to the records of salvage operations pertaining to distressed salvageable and salvaged merchandise purchased, received, used, sold, or distributed.

(5) Regulatory activities performed by a political subdivision or state agency under contract shall conform with the provisions of the act and such activities shall have the same effect as those performed by the department. Any interference with the regulatory authority's duty to inspect shall be an interference with the department's duties for the purposes of section 81-2,273.

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81-2,282. Adulteration of food; prohibited; adulteration, defined.

(1) It shall be unlawful for any person to adulterate any food or for any person to manufacture, distribute, offer for sale, or sell any adulterated food.

(2) Food shall be deemed to be adulterated if:

(a) It bears or contains any substance which may render it injurious to health, considering the quantity of such substance in or on the food;

(b) It consists in whole or in part of any diseased, contaminated, filthy, putrid, or decomposed substance or is otherwise unsafe for use as food;

(c) It has been manufactured, processed, packaged, stored, or held under insanitary conditions where it may have become unsafe for use as food;

(d) It is the product of a diseased animal or one that has died by any means other than slaughter;

(e) Its container is so constructed as to render the food unsafe or otherwise injurious to health; or

(f) Any valuable constituent of the food has been wholly or partially omitted or abstracted.

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81-2,283. Misbranded food; prohibited; misbranded, defined.

(1) It shall be unlawful for any person to misbrand any food or distribute, offer for sale, or sell any misbranded food.

(2) A food shall be deemed to be misbranded if:

(a) It does not bear labeling clearly stating (i) the identity of the food in terms likely to be easily and accurately understood by the consumer, (ii) the net quantity of contents of the food in terms authorized under the Weights and Measures Act, and (iii) the name and address of the manufacturer, distributor, or seller of the food; or

(b) Its labeling is false or misleading in any manner.

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81-2,284. Deceptive packaging of food; prohibited; deceptively packed or packaged, defined.

(1) It shall be unlawful for any person to deceptively pack or package any food or for any person to distribute, offer for sale, or sell any food that has been deceptively packed or packaged.

(2) A food shall be deemed to be deceptively packed or packaged if:

(a) Any substance has been added to, mixed with, or packed with the food so as to increase its bulk or weight, reduce its quality or strength, or make it appear to be better or of greater value than it actually is; or

(b) Any inferiority or damage to the food has been concealed in any manner.

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81-2,285. False advertisement regarding food; prohibited; false advertisement, defined.

(1) It shall be unlawful for any person engaged in the sale, merchandising, or distribution of food to cause, with intent to deceive, the dissemination of a false advertisement regarding a food.

(2) An advertisement of a food shall be deemed to be false if it is false or misleading in any manner, including the following:

(a) The advertising of food as that of another;

(b) The advertising of food in a manner causing the likelihood of confusion or of misunderstanding as to the source, sponsorship, approval, or certification of such food;

(c) The advertising of food in a manner causing the likelihood of confusion or misunderstanding as to affiliation, connection, or association with or certification by another;

(d) The advertisement of food by use of deceptive representations or deceptive designation of geographic origin in connection with such food;

(e) The advertisement of food by way of representations that the food has sponsorship, approval, characteristics, ingredients, benefits, uses, or qualities that it does not have or that a person or company has a sponsorship, approval status, affiliation, or connection that he, she, or it does not have;

(f) The advertisement of food by way of a representation that the food is of a particular standard, quality, or grade when it is not;

(g) The advertisement of food by disparaging the food of another by false or misleading representations of fact;

(h) The advertisement of food with an intent not to sell it as advertised or an intent to sell an alternative food in substitution for the advertised food;

(i) The advertisement of food with the intent not to supply a reasonably expectable public demand unless the advertisement imposes a limitation of quantity; or

(j) The advertisement of food by making false or misleading statements of fact concerning the reasons for, existence of, or amounts of price reductions.

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81-2,286. Regulatory authority; determination of violations; use of federal regulations; when.   In determining whether food is being manufactured, processed, transported, distributed, offered for sale, or sold in violation of the adulteration, misbranding, deceptive packaging, or false advertising provisions of sections 81-2,282 to 81-2,285 or any other requirement of the Nebraska Pure Food Act which affects such food, the regulatory authority may utilize the appropriate definitions, standards, tolerances, standards of identity, standards of quality, or standards of fill of containers set out in the duly promulgated federal regulations applicable to food and food products if the regulatory authority finds that such federal regulations will adequately protect against the adulteration, misbranding, deceptive packaging, and false advertising of foods.

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81-2,287. Regulatory authority; enforcement; issue stop- sale, stop-use, removal orders; procedure.   If a regulatory authority finds that food is being manufactured, processed, distributed, offered for sale, or sold in violation of the adulteration, misbranding, deceptive packaging, or false advertising provisions of sections 81-2,282 to 81-2,285 or any other requirement of the Nebraska Pure Food Act which affects such food, such regulatory authority may issue and enforce a written or printed stop-sale, stop-use, or removal order to the person in charge of such food if the issuance of such an order is necessary for the protection of the public health, safety, or welfare. No food subject to any such order shall be used, sold, or moved without permission from the regulatory authority. Such an order shall specifically describe the nature of the violation found and the precise actions needed to be taken to bring the food into compliance with the applicable provisions of the act. Such order shall clearly advise the person in charge of the food that he or she may request an immediate hearing before the director or his or her designee on the matter. No such order may direct the involuntary and immediate disposal or destruction of any food until the person in charge of such food has been afforded an opportunity to be heard on the matter and an opportunity to appeal any order of the director or his or her designee from such a hearing in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act. The regulatory authority may issue a stop-sale, stop-use, or removal order against articles of food that are perishable, even if the practical result of such an order is to bring about the involuntary disposal of such food, when, in the opinion of the person issuing the order, no alternative course of action would sufficiently protect the public health, safety, or welfare under the circumstances.

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81-2,288. Department; adopt rules and regulations; contracts with federal agencies authorized; exemptions from act.

(1) The department may adopt and promulgate rules and regulations to aid in the administration and enforcement of the Nebraska Pure Food Act.

(2) The department may contract with agencies of the federal government for the performance by the department of inspections and other regulatory functions at food establishments, food processing plants, or salvage operations within the state which are subject to federal jurisdiction and may receive federal funds for work performed under such contracts.

(3) Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, the provisions of the act shall not apply to establishments or specific portions of establishments regularly inspected for proper sanitation by an agency of the federal government.

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81-2,288.01. Regulatory authority; inspection reporting requirements.

(1) The regulatory authority shall document on an inspection report form:
(a) Administrative information about the food establishment's legal identity, street and mailing addresses, type of establishment and operation, inspection date, status of the permit, and personnel certificates that may be required;

(b) Specific factual observations of violative conditions, omissions, or other deviations from the requirements of the Nebraska Pure Food Act that require correction by the permitholder; and

(c) Whether the violations listed are critical or repeated.

(2) The regulatory authority shall specify on the inspection report form the time frame for correction of the violations as specified in the Nebraska Pure Food Act.

(3) All procedures and requirements related to the inspection of food establishments in the act apply to food processing plants and salvage operations.

(4) The completed inspection report form is a public document that shall be made available for public disclosure to any person who requests it according to law.

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81-2,288.02. Regulatory authority; inspection intervals.   The regulatory authority may increase the interval between inspections beyond six months if the food establishment is assigned a less frequent inspection frequency based on a written risk-based inspection schedule that is being uniformly applied throughout the jurisdiction.

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81-2,289. Restraining orders and injunctions; department; county attorney; duties.

(1) The department may apply for a restraining order or a temporary or permanent injunction against any person violating or threatening to violate the Nebraska Pure Food Act, the rules and regulations adopted pursuant to the act, or a final order of the director. The district court of the county where the violation is occurring or is about to occur shall have jurisdiction to grant such relief upon good cause shown. Relief may be granted notwithstanding the existence of any other remedy at law and shall be granted without bond.

(2) It shall be the duty of the county attorney of the county in which any violation of the act occurs or is about to occur, when notified of such violation or threatened violation by the department, to cause appropriate proceedings under subsection (1) of this section to be instituted and pursued in the district court without delay.

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81-2,290. Violations; penalty; county attorney; duties.

(1) Any person violating any provision of the Nebraska Pure Food Act, the rules and regulations adopted pursuant to the act, or a final order of the director shall be guilty of a Class IV misdemeanor notwithstanding the existence of any other remedy at law.

(2) It shall be the duty of the county attorney of the county in which any violation of the Nebraska Pure Food Act occurs or is about to occur, when notified of such violation by the department, to cause appropriate proceedings under subsection (1) of this section to be instituted and pursued in a court of competent jurisdiction.

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81-2,291. Pure Food Cash Fund; created; use; investment.   All fees paid to the department in accordance with the Nebraska Pure Food Act shall be remitted to the State Treasurer. The State Treasurer shall credit the fees to the Pure Food Cash Fund, which fund is hereby created. All money credited to such fund shall be appropriated to the uses of the department to aid in defraying the expenses of administering the act.

Any money in the fund available for investment shall be invested by the state investment officer pursuant to the Nebraska Capital Expansion Act and the Nebraska State Funds Investment Act.

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81-2,292. Bed and breakfast establishments; exempt from act.   The Nebraska Pure Food Act shall not apply to bed and breakfast establishments.

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